Planning Questions for an Istanbul and Bulgaria Holiday
A Private Balkan Trip can be planned in many ways, so it helps to make a few decisions before choosing
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Customized Istanbul City Tour for a Perfect First Day
Begin with a personal travel plan Istanbul offers more experiences than most travelers can fit into one visit. There are
Bulgaria to Ephesus with a Tour Guide
Start with a wider itinerary Bulgaria offers historic towns, mountain landscapes, and a lively Black Sea coast. Travelers who want
The Pay and Discipline of the Ottoman Spahis
Discipline and Punishment The Ottoman Empire maintained strict discipline among its elite cavalry, the Spahis. Soldiers who committed serious crimes
The Ottoman Empire Change Expansion and Endurance
A Changing Empire Like many great empires in history, the Ottoman Empire changed over time. Early European writers often observed
The Third Form of Divorce in the Ottoman Empire
The Most Serious Type of Divorce In this passage, the author describes what he considers the third and most serious
The Dervish Monasteries and Their Travels
Monasteries Across the Ottoman Empire The dervishes maintained monasteries and religious houses in many of the most important cities and
Modern Sects Among the Turks
Throughout history, Islam has seen the rise of many sects, especially among the Turks. Each teacher or scholar often creates
Endowments and Wealth of Turkish Mosques
In summary, the wealth and support of Turkish mosques come from a combination of donations, lands, rents, and charitable gifts.
Muhammad’s Mission and Divine Commission
Muhammad was sent by God to teach mankind and to declare God’s message clearly and truthfully. His purpose was to